Mustang 1995 Air Bag Diagnostic Codes and Debug Information.



Use the information at your own risk. There is no claim to accuracy.



  Tech Home 90-91 Air Bag Info 92 Air Bag Info 95 Air Bag Info  






Prolog:
Error code 32 is the most common air bag problem. Chances are Very Good that you have bad clock spring in the steering column. It is Very Easy to replace! Get a NEW one from Ford. They are not very expensive (between ?$45 to $90?). Do NOT waste your time or money getting a used one from the junk yard that may break soon. The clock spring connects the turning steering wheel to your stationary steering column. So, over time, they have a tendency to break.

To replace: just disconnect the battery, yank the air bag, replace the clock spring, put it back together. Get a NEW clock spring from Ford. I think they are still around $70. To remove the air bag,

See (opens in a new windows):
http://www.veryuseful.com/mustang/tech/airBag/airBag95.html#DriversBagRR
and http://www.veryuseful.com/mustang/tech/airBag/images/airBagStWheel95.jpg





General Images (opens up in a new window):
Connector to Clear the Air Bag Codes

Air Bag Schematic for Code 12

Air Bag Schematic for Code 13

Air Bag Schematic for Code 32 (See the Prolog)

Air Bag Schematic for Code 61

Location of the Air Bag Connector Close View

Location of the Air Bag Connector Overall View

Air Bag Schematic

Air Bag Sensors Locations

Air Bag Steering Wheel

Detailed steps for the debug of codes:
Code 52
Code 12
Code 13
Code 53
Code 61

Driver's Side Air Bag Removal and Replace
Passenger Side Air Bag Removal and Replace

Here is a quick link to the Air Bag Error Codes.




AIR BAG DIAGNOSTIC MONITOR DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE
Code Component/Fault Description
  No Air Bag Indicator - Inoperative Indicator Circuit
  Continuous Air Bag Indicator - Diagnostic Trouble Code Timed Out, Diagnostic Monitor Disconnected or Inoperative, or No Ignition Voltage to Diagnostic Monitor.
12 Lost Battery Feed
13 Air Bag Circuit Shorted to Ground
14 Primary Crash Sensor Circuit Shorted to Ground
21 Diagnostic Monitor Not Mounted to Vehicle Properly
22 Safing Sensor Output Circuit Shorted to Battery Voltage
23 Memory Clear Circuit Improperly Grounded
24 System Disarm Failure or Internal Diagnostic Monitor Fault
32 Driver Side Air Bag Circuit High Resistance or Open (See the Prolog)
33 Passenger Side Air Bag Circuit High Resistance or Open
34 Driver Side Air Bag Circuit Low Resistance or Shorted
35 Passenger Side Air Bag Circuit Low Resistance or Shorted
41 RH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Feed/Return Circuit Open
42 LH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Feed/Return Circuit Open
44 RH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Not Mounted to Vehicle Properly
45 LH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Not Mounted to Vehicle Properly
52 Intermittent or Repaired Lost Battery Feed
53 Intermittent or Repaired Air Bag Circuit Shorted to Ground
54 Intermittent or Repaired Primary Crash Sensor Circuit Shorted to Ground
61 Intermittent or Repaired Diagnostic Monitor Not Mounted to Vehicle Properly
62 Intermittent or Repaired Safing Sensor Output Circuit Shorted to Battery Voltage
63 Intermittent or Repaired Memory Clear Circuit Improperly Grounded
64 Intermittent or Repaired System Disarm Failure or Internal Diagnostic Monitor Fault
72 Intermittent or Repaired Driver Side Air Bag Circuit High Resistance or Open
73 Intermittent or Repaired Passenger Side Air Bag Circuit High Resistance or Open
74 Intermittent or Repaired Driver Side Air Bag Circuit Low Resistance or Shorted
75 Intermittent or Repaired Passenger Side Air Bag Circuit Low Resistance or Shorted
81 Intermittent or Repaired RH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Feed/Return Circuit Open
82 Intermittent or Repaired LH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Feed/Return Circuit Open
84 Intermittent or Repaired RH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Not Mounted to Vehicle
85 Intermittent or Repaired LH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Not Mounted to Vehicle
Rapid Continuous Flashing of Air Bag Indicator (No Diagnostic Trouble Code) Both Primary Crash Sensors Disconnected Assembly Plant Mode




Air Bags, Live
  • CARRY A LIVE AIR BAG WITH THE BAG AND TRIM COVER POINTED AWAY FROM YOUR BODY. AN ACCIDENTAL DEPLOYMENT WILL THEN DEPLOY WITH A MINIMAL CHANCE OF INJURY.

  • PLACE A LIVE AIR BAG ON A BENCH OR OTHER SURFACE WITH THE TRIM COVER UP, AWAY FROM THE SURFACE. THIS WILL REDUCE THE MOTION OF THE MODULE IF IT IS ACCIDENTALLY DEPLOYED.


    • Air Bag Instructions
    WARNING: SERVICE IS MADE BY REPLACEMENT ONLY. DO NOT ATTEMPT SERVICE OF:
  • CRASH SENSORS.

  • AIR BAG SLIDING CONTACT (14A664).

  • AIR BAG DIAGNOSTIC MONITOR (14B056).

  • AIR BAG MODULES.


    • AIR BAG MODULES WITH DISCOLORED OR DAMAGED COVER DEPLOYMENT DOORS MUST BE REPLACED, NOT REPAINTED.

    NOTE: If ever a part is replaced and the new part did not correct the condition, reinstall the original part and perform the diagnostic procedure again.

    WARNING: THE DRIVER AND PASSENGER AIR BAG MODULES WITH DISCOLORED OR DAMAGED TRIM COVER DEPLOYMENT DOORS MUST BE REPLACED, NOT REPAINTED. ANY APPLIED PAINT MAY DAMAGE THE COVER MATERIAL. THIS COULD AFFECT AIR BAG PERFORMANCE DURING DEPLOYMENT AND MAY INCREASE RISK OF INJURY DURING A COLLISION.
  • WARNING: NEVER PROBE THE CONNECTORS ON THE AIR BAG. DOING SO MAY RESULT IN AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT WHICH COULD RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY.

  • WARNING: ALL COMPONENT REPLACEMENTS AND WIRING SERVICE MUST BE MADE WITH THE NEGATIVE BATTERY CABLE DISCONNECTED FOR A MINIMUM OF ONE MINUTE BEFORE SERVICE OR REPLACEMENT IS ATTEMPTED.
    • NOTE: The instruction "disconnect" always refers to a connector. Never detach a component from the vehicle when instructed to "disconnect." WARNING: VEHICLE SENSOR ORIENTATION IS CRITICAL FOR PROPER SYSTEM OPERATION. IF A VEHICLE EQUIPPED WITH AN AIR BAG SYSTEM IS INVOLVED IN A CRASH WHERE THE FENDERS OR GRILLE AREA HAVE BEEN DAMAGED, INSPECT THE AIR BAG SENSOR MOUNTING BRACKETS FOR DEFORMATION. IF DAMAGED, THE SENSOR SHOULD BE REPLACED WHETHER OR NOT THE AIR BAG IS DEPLOYED. IN ADDITION, ENSURE THAT BODY STRUCTURE IN THE AREA OF SENSOR MOUNTING IS RESTORED TO ITS ORIGINAL CONDITION.

    Air Bag Module, Driver Side
    NOTE: The driver side air bag module (043B13) is serviced as a complete assembly. Perform proper disposal procedure as outlined.
    The driver side air bag module is mounted in the center of the steering wheel (3600). The driver side air bag module consists of the following components:
  • Inflator.

  • Air Bag.

  • Mounting plate and retainer ring.

  • Steering wheel trim cover.


    • Inflator
    The inflator assembly is not a serviceable item.
  • When the sensors close, signaling a crash, electrical current flows to the air bag inflator.


  • Inside the inflator, an igniter converts the electrical signal to thermal energy (heat), causing the ignition of the inflator gas generant.

  • This ignition reaction combusts the sodium azide/potassium nitrate gas generant in the inflator, producing nitrogen gas, which inflates the air bag.


    • Air Bag
    The driver side air bag:

  • Is constructed of uncoated nylon.

  • Is 673 mm (26.5 inch) in diameter.

  • Fills completely in approximately 40 milliseconds.

    • A module housing and wheel attaching bracket attach and seal the air bag to the inflator.
  • A mounting bracket and housing are also used to attach the trim cover and to mount the entire driver side air bag module to the steering wheel.

  • These items are components of the driver side air bag module and cannot be serviced.


    • Steering Wheel Trim Cover
    The steering wheel trim cover:

  • Encases the driver side air bag module.

  • Has moulded in tear seams that separate to allow inflation of the bag.

  • Is a component of the driver side air bag module and is not serviceable.

  • Must not be repainted for any reason.


    • Air Bag Diagnostic Monitor
    The air bag diagnostic monitor (14B056) continually monitors all air bag system components and wiring connections for possible faults when the ignition switch (11572) is in RUN.

  • If the air bag diagnostic monitor detects a fault in the air bag system, a Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) will be written to the air bag diagnostic monitor's Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM).

  • This diagnostic trouble code will then be displayed on the air bag indicator lamp.

  • After servicing, the diagnostic trouble code may then be cleared from NVRAM.
  • Performing system diagnostics is the main purpose of the air bag diagnostic monitor.

  • THE air bag diagnostic monitor DOES NOT DEPLOY THE AIR BAGS IN THE EVENT OF A COLLISION.

  • The crash sensors are "hard-wired" to the air bags. Thus the crash sensors determine when the air bag will be deployed.

  • Several important features of the air bag diagnostic monitor and its functions within the system are described below. It is necessary that these key features and functions are well understood.


    • Diagnosing Customer Concerns with Hard Diagnostic Trouble Codes
    Most air bag system diagnostic procedures will require the use of the System Deactivation and System Reactivation Procedures outlined in this Section. These procedures allow the removal of the driver side air bag module (043B13) and passenger side air bag module (044A74) from the vehicle thereby removing the risk of air bag deployment while diagnostics are performed.

    NOTE: The Rotunda Air Bag Simulator 105-00010 for 1995 vehicles has a different connector than previous simulators. The new simulator will only mate with 1993 vehicles and beyond. Likewise, the Rotunda Air Bag Simulator 105-00008 will only mate with 1992 and previous model year vehicles.

    Rotunda Air Bag Simulator 105-00010 or equivalent is required to perform diagnosis and testing of the air bag system. The air bag simulator is a 2 ohm resistor used to simulate an air bag connection to the system. It is not acceptable to short circuit the air bag connection with a zero ohm jumper wire. If a zero ohm jumper wire is used to short circuit the air bag connection, an appropriate diagnostic trouble code will be displayed according to the priority scheme.

    Deactivation Procedure

  • 1. Disconnect battery ground cable (14301).

  • 2. WARNING: THE BACK-UP POWER SUPPLY ENERGY MUST BE DEPLETED BEFORE ANY AIR BAG COMPONENT SERVICE IS PERFORMED. TO DEPLETE BACK-UP POWER SUPPLY ENERGY, DISCONNECT THE NEGATIVE BATTERY CABLE AND WAIT ONE MINUTE TO AVOID ACCIDENTAL DEPLOYMENT AND POSSIBLE PERSONAL INJURY. Wait one minute. This is the time required for back-up power supply in air bag diagnostic monitor to deplete its stored energy.

  • 3. WARNING: PLACE AIR BAG MODULE ON BENCH WITH TRIM COVER FACING UP TO AVOID POSSIBLE PERSONAL INJURY. Remove two back cover plugs and remove screw and washer assemblies retaining driver side air bag module (043B13) to steering wheel (3600). Disconnect driver air bag connector. Remove driver side air bag module from vehicle. Connect Rotunda Air Bag Simulator 105-00010 or equivalent to vehicle harness at top of steering column.

  • 4. Remove passenger side air bag module (044A74) as outlined. Install Rotunda Air Bag Simulator 105-00010 or equivalent on vehicle harness connector in place of passenger side air bag module.

  • 5. Reconnect battery ground cable.


    • Reactivation Procedure
    WARNING: THE AIR BAG SIMULATORS MUST BE REMOVED AND THE AIR BAGS RECONNECTED WHEN THE SYSTEM IS REACTIVATED TO AVOID NON-DEPLOYMENT IN A COLLISION RESULTING IN POSSIBLE PERSONAL INJURY.

  • 1. Disconnect battery ground cable.

  • 2. Wait one minute for back-up power supply in air bag diagnostic monitor to deplete stored energy.

  • 3. Remove Rotunda Air Bag Simulator 105-00010 or equivalent from vehicle harness connector at top of steering column.

  • 4. Reconnect driver side air bag module.

  • 5. Position driver side air bag module on steering wheel and secure with two screw and washer assemblies (8 mm). Tighten screw and washer assemblies to 10.2-13.8 N-m (8-10 lb-ft). Install two back cover plugs.

  • 6. Remove air bag simulator from vehicle harness connector on passenger side. Reconnect and install passenger side air bag module as outlined.

  • 7. Reconnect battery ground cable.

  • 8. Prove out system.


    • Glossary


    Air Bag Simulator
    Rotunda Air Bag Simulator 105-00010 or equivalent is used to simulate air bag connection to system.
    Disconnect Component
    "DISCONNECT COMPONENT" means disconnect component connector and vehicle harness connector. It does not mean remove component. A disconnected part should not be reconnected unless instructed to do so.
    Deactivate System
    "DEACTIVATE SYSTEM" means to perform the Deactivation Procedure as outlined.


    Prove Out System
    "PROVE OUT SYSTEM" means to turn the ignition switch (11572) from OFF to RUN and visually monitor the air bag indicator with the air bags installed. The air bag indicator will light continuously for approximately six seconds and then turn off. If an air bag system fault is present, the air bag indicator will either:

  • Fail to light

  • Remain lit continuously or

  • Flash.


    • The flashing may not occur until approximately 30 seconds after the ignition switch has been turned from OFF to RUN. This is the time required for the air bag diagnostic monitor to complete testing of the air bag system. If the air bag indicator is inoperative and an air bag system fault exists, a tone will sound in a pattern of five sets of five beeps. If this occurs, the air bag indicator will need to be serviced before diagnosis can be continued.

    Reactivate System
    WARNING: THE AIR BAG SIMULATOR MUST BE REMOVED AND THE AIR BAG RECONNECTED WHEN THE SYSTEM IS REACTIVATED TO AVOID NON-DEPLOYMENT IN A COLLISION RESULTING IN POSSIBLE PERSONAL INJURY.
    "REACTIVATE SYSTEM" means to perform the Reactivation Procedure outlined under Diagnostic Procedures.


    Reconnect System
    "RECONNECT SYSTEM" means to reconnect all system components. Refer to «Air Bag System Reconnect Check List» .

    Replace Component
    "REPLACE COMPONENT" means to remove the existing component and replace it with an authorized replacement part obtained from Ford Customer Service Division. Also, the replacement component should be installed on vehicle and all necessary electrical connections should be completed.


    Verify System
    "VERIFY SYSTEM" means to prove out system with Rotunda Air Bag Simulator 105-00010 or equivalent in place of the air bags.


    Air Bag System Reconnect Check List

    The check list below should be completed following diagnosis or service of any air bag system concern.

    1. Are all crash sensors connected and mounted to the vehicle?

    2. Is black 3-way connector at base of steering column connected?

    3. Are the air bags or air bag simulators connected?

    4. Is air bag diagnostic monitor (14B056) connected?

    5. Is vehicle battery connected?


    Air Bag System Component, Location

    1. LH Radiator Primary Crash Front Air Bag Sensor and Bracket (14B005) -- LH side of radiator support.

    2. RH Radiator Primary Crash Front Air Bag Sensor and Bracket (14B004) -- RH side of radiator support.

    3. Safing Sensor -- Integral with air bag diagnostic monitor (14B056).

    4. Driver Side Air Bag Module (043B13) -- Steering wheel (3600).

    5. Passenger Side Air Bag Module (044A74) -- Above glove compartment (06010).

    6. Air Bag Sliding Contact (14A664) -- Behind steering wheel.

    7. Air Bag Diagnostic Monitor and Bracket -- In center console behind climate controls.

    8. Air Bag Diagnostic "Trouble Code Clear" Connector -- Below glove compartment.




    Deactivation Procedure

    1. Disconnect battery ground cable (14301).


    2. WARNING: THE BACK-UP POWER SUPPLY ENERGY MUST BE DEPLETED BEFORE ANY AIR BAG COMPONENT SERVICE IS PERFORMED. TO DEPLETE BACK-UP POWER SUPPLY ENERGY, DISCONNECT THE NEGATIVE BATTERY CABLE AND WAIT ONE MINUTE TO AVOID ACCIDENTAL DEPLOYMENT AND POSSIBLE PERSONAL INJURY.
      Wait one minute. This is the time required for back-up power supply in air bag diagnostic monitor to deplete its stored energy.
      3. <

    3. WARNING: PLACE AIR BAG MODULE ON BENCH WITH TRIM COVER FACING UP TO AVOID POSSIBLE PERSONAL INJURY.
      Remove two back cover plugs and remove screw and washer assemblies retaining driver side air bag module (043B13) to steering wheel (3600). Disconnect driver air bag connector. Remove driver side air bag module from vehicle.
      Connect Rotunda Air Bag Simulator 105-00010 or equivalent to vehicle harness at top of steering column.

    4. Remove passenger side air bag module (044A74) as outlined. Install Rotunda Air Bag Simulator 105-00010 or equivalent on vehicle harness connector in place of passenger side air bag module.

    5. Reconnect battery ground cable.




    Air Bag Trouble Codes
    for Ford Mustangs


    Procedure to Retrieve Stored Diagnostic Trouble Codes from Diagnostic Monitor Non-Volatile Random Access Memory


    Some Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) for intermittent problems (61-85) may not automatically flash on the air bag indicator and may require retrieval. If an air bag DTC has been reported on a vehicle but is not currently flashing, this may be due to two reasons:


    o A charging system concern has been identified by the diagnostic monitor and a DTC 12 indicated. DTC 12 will not be stored in the air bag diagnostic monitor's Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM) under these circumstances. Correction of the charging system problem will eliminate the DTC.


    o An intermittent fault has occurred and the fault is no longer present. The diagnostic monitor may be programmed to flash "intermittent" DTCs 61-85 that are stored in NVRAM. Use the following procedure to access the stored DTC(s).


    (1) Locate the air bag diagnostic service connector containing Circuit 631 (T/R). This is a grey connector under the glove compartment.


    (2) With the ignition key OFF, short Circuit 631 to the ground contained in the service connector or another good ground.


    (3) Turn the ignition key to RUN and observe the six second air bag indicator prove-out.


    (4) Within two seconds after indicator prove-out, remove the short on Circuit 631.


    (5) Stored DTCs will be displayed. After service, repeat steps 1-4 and clean the DTCs cleared using the «DTC Clearing Procedure» .



    AIR BAG DIAGNOSTIC MONITOR DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE
    Code Component/Fault Description
      No Air Bag Indicator - Inoperative Indicator Circuit
      Continuous Air Bag Indicator - Diagnostic Trouble Code Timed Out, Diagnostic Monitor Disconnected or Inoperative, or No Ignition Voltage to Diagnostic Monitor.
    12 Lost Battery Feed
    13 Air Bag Circuit Shorted to Ground
    14 Primary Crash Sensor Circuit Shorted to Ground
    21 Diagnostic Monitor Not Mounted to Vehicle Properly
    22 Safing Sensor Output Circuit Shorted to Battery Voltage
    23 Memory Clear Circuit Improperly Grounded
    24 System Disarm Failure or Internal Diagnostic Monitor Fault
    32 Driver Side Air Bag Circuit High Resistance or Open
    33 Passenger Side Air Bag Circuit High Resistance or Open
    34 Driver Side Air Bag Circuit Low Resistance or Shorted
    35 Passenger Side Air Bag Circuit Low Resistance or Shorted
    41 RH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Feed/Return Circuit Open
    42 LH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Feed/Return Circuit Open
    44 RH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Not Mounted to Vehicle Properly
    45 LH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Not Mounted to Vehicle Properly
    52 Intermittent or Repaired Lost Battery Feed
    53 Intermittent or Repaired Air Bag Circuit Shorted to Ground
    54 Intermittent or Repaired Primary Crash Sensor Circuit Shorted to Ground
    61 Intermittent or Repaired Diagnostic Monitor Not Mounted to Vehicle Properly
    62 Intermittent or Repaired Safing Sensor Output Circuit Shorted to Battery Voltage
    63 Intermittent or Repaired Memory Clear Circuit Improperly Grounded
    64 Intermittent or Repaired System Disarm Failure or Internal Diagnostic Monitor Fault
    72 Intermittent or Repaired Driver Side Air Bag Circuit High Resistance or Open
    73 Intermittent or Repaired Passenger Side Air Bag Circuit High Resistance or Open
    74 Intermittent or Repaired Driver Side Air Bag Circuit Low Resistance or Shorted
    75 Intermittent or Repaired Passenger Side Air Bag Circuit Low Resistance or Shorted
    81 Intermittent or Repaired RH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Feed/Return Circuit Open
    82 Intermittent or Repaired LH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Feed/Return Circuit Open
    84 Intermittent or Repaired RH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Not Mounted to Vehicle
    85 Intermittent or Repaired LH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Not Mounted to Vehicle
    Rapid Continuous Flashing of Air Bag Indicator (No Diagnostic Trouble Code) Both Primary Crash Sensors Disconnected Assembly Plant Mode



    Air Bag System Functions



    o The air bag diagnostic monitor (14B056) illuminates the air bag indicator for approximately six seconds when the ignition switch (11572) is turned to RUN and then turns the air bag indicator off. This indicates that the air bag indicator is operational. If the air bag indicator does not illuminate at all, stays on continuously, or flashes at any time, then a fault has been detected by the air bag diagnostic monitor.

    o Diagnostic trouble codes, if present, will begin flashing within 30 seconds after the ignition switch has been turned to RUN. This is the amount of time it takes the air bag diagnostic monitor to perform all tests and verify system faults, if present.

    o Diagnostic trouble codes are displayed as a series of flashes and pauses of the air bag indicator. Diagnostic trouble codes are two-digit numbers.

    Example: A DTC 32 is displayed as follows:

    flash flash flash - (two second pause) -
    flash flash - (five second pause)...

    flash flash flash - (two second pause) -
    flash flash - (five second pause)...

    Diagnostic trouble codes are prioritized numerically so that if two or more faults occur at the same time, the diagnostic trouble code with the highest priority will be displayed.

    After the DTC is displayed five times, the air bag indicator will illuminate continuously until the ignition switch is cycled.

    The air bag diagnostic monitor incorporates Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM) to store diagnostic trouble codes and retain them indefinitely. The air bag diagnostic monitor will always flash the highest priority diagnostic trouble code stored in NVRAM. Diagnostic trouble codes may be cleared from the air bag diagnostic monitor after the fault conditions are serviced (see «Diagnostic Trouble Code Clearing» procedure for details).

    The air bag diagnostic monitor distinguishes between hard and intermittent (or repaired) fault conditions.

    Each diagnostic trouble code number 12 - 45 represents a hard fault (a fault that is still present). Hard diagnostic trouble codes are higher priority than intermittent diagnostic trouble codes, and may not be cleared from NVRAM.

    Each of these hard diagnostic trouble codes has an equivalent diagnostic trouble code which is the sum of the diagnostic trouble code number plus 40. This equivalent diagnostic trouble code will indicate that an intermittent condition exists, or that a hard condition has been repaired.

    Only the intermittent (repaired) diagnostic trouble codes, numbers 52 - 85, may be cleared from the air bag diagnostic monitor. (See «Diagnostic Trouble Code Clearing» procedure.)

    Example: A Diagnostic Trouble Code 32 indicates that high resistance in the driver side air bag circuit has been, and still is, present. A DTC 72 (32 + 40) indicates that high resistance in the driver side air bag circuit existed at one time, but no longer exists due to an intermittent condition, or a repair made to the circuit.

    o If a system fault exists and the Air Bag Warning Indicator is not functioning, an audible tone will be heard indicating a need for service. The tone is a series of five sets of five beeps. This DOES NOT indicate a diagnostic trouble code 55 or any other diagnostic trouble code. The Air Bag Warning Indicator must be serviced before diagnostic trouble codes can be determined.

    WARNING: UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SUBSTITUTE ANOTHER FUSE VALUE FOR THE 10A BATTERY FUSE. ANY FUSE OTHER THAN 10A MAY CAUSE DISARMING FAILURE AND MAY RESULT IN DANGER TO THE OCCUPANTS OF THE VEHICLE. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REPLACE THE 10A BATTERY FUSE UNTIL THE AIR BAG SYSTEM FIRST HAS BEEN DEACTIVATED (SEE «DEACTIVATION» PROCEDURE FOR DETAILS).

    If a fault exists that makes unwanted air bag deployment possible, the air bag diagnostic monitor will attempt to remove deployment power by turning on a solid state switch to blow the 10A battery fuse.

    If the 10A battery fuse has successfully been blown by the air bag diagnostic monitor, the air bag diagnostic monitor will not attempt to blow it again until the proper fault has been serviced and cleared (see «Diagnostic Trouble Code Clearing» procedures for details). The air bag diagnostic monitor will store both the unwanted deployment diagnostic trouble code and the loss of deployment power diagnostic trouble code. The loss of deployment power diagnostic trouble code is the highest priority.

    WARNING: THE BACK-UP POWER SUPPLY ENERGY MUST BE DEPLETED BEFORE ANY AIR BAG COMPONENT SERVICE IS PERFORMED. TO DEPLETE THE BACK-UP POWER SUPPLY ENERGY, DISCONNECT THE NEGATIVE BATTERY CABLE AND WAIT ONE MINUTE TO AVOID ACCIDENTAL DEPLOYMENT AND POSSIBLE PERSONAL INJURY.

    The air bag diagnostic monitor includes an internal back-up power supply. This feature provides sufficient back-up power to deploy the air bags in the event that the battery (10653) or battery cables are damaged in a collision before the crash sensors are activated. The back-up power supply will deplete its stored energy approximately one minute after the negative battery cable is disconnected.

    The air bag diagnostic monitor incorporates an internal safing sensor. Proper mounting of the air bag diagnostic monitor and bracket assembly is critical to the function and performance of the air bag system.

    The air bag diagnostic monitor and bracket assembly is non-serviceable and must be replaced as a unit in the event of failure.



    Electrical System

    The air bag system is powered directly from the battery (10653). The system can function with the ignition switch (11572) in any position, including OFF and LOCK. The system can also function when the driver seat is unoccupied. The electrical system performs three main functions:

    o Detects an impact.

    o Switches electric current to the igniter.

    o Monitors the system to determine readiness.

    The electrical system components include:

    o Electronic air bag diagnostic monitor (14B056) with integrated back-up power supply and safing sensor.

    o Air bag system readiness indicator.

    o Wiring harness and air bag sliding contact (14A664).

    o RH radiator primary crash front air bag sensor and bracket (14B004) and LH radiator primary crash front air bag sensor and bracket (14B005).

    o Igniter within driver side air bag module (043B13) and passenger side air bag module (044A74).



    Sensors

    The sensor is an electrical switch which operates as follows:

    o It reacts to impacts according to direction and force.

    o It discriminates between impacts that require air bag inflation and impacts that do not require air bag inflation.

    o When an impact occurs that requires air bag inflation, the sensor contacts close, completing the electrical circuit necessary for system operation.

    Three sensors are mounted in the vehicle. Their locations are as follows:

    o A primary crash front air bag sensor and bracket at the RH front radiator support (16138).

    o A primary crash front air bag sensor and bracket at the LH front radiator support.

    o A safing sensor inside the air bag diagnostic monitor.

    o The safing and one of the primary crash sensors must be activated simultaneously to inflate the air bag.



    The air bag system is designed to :

    o Operate in frontal or front-angled collisions.

    o Activate the air bags in a crash with severe frontal deceleration, more severe than hitting a parked car of similar size and weight head-on at about 45 km/h (28 mph).

    o Sense the severity of the crash rather than vehicle speed, thus some frontal collisions at speeds above 45 km/h (28 mph) may not be severe enough to require air bag inflation.

    The sensors in the vehicle determine if air bag inflation is required in the following manner:

    1. During severe frontal deceleration caused by an impact that decelerates the vehicle in the forward direction, both a radiator primary crash sensor and a safing sensor will activate.

    2. When a primary and safing sensor are closed at the same time, electrical current will flow, igniting the driver side air bag module and passenger side air bag module.

    The primary sensors measure the crash severity while the safing sensor confirms the crash and is used to prevent inadvertent deployments possibly caused by a malfunction in the primary crash sensor circuits or crash sensors.



    Reactivation Procedure

    WARNING: THE AIR BAG SIMULATORS MUST BE REMOVED AND THE AIR BAGS RECONNECTED WHEN THE SYSTEM IS REACTIVATED TO AVOID NON-DEPLOYMENT IN A COLLISION RESULTING IN POSSIBLE PERSONAL INJURY.

    1. Disconnect battery ground cable.

    2. Wait one minute for back-up power supply in air bag diagnostic monitor to deplete stored energy.

    3. Remove Rotunda Air Bag Simulator 105-00010 or equivalent from vehicle harness connector at top of steering column.

    4. Reconnect driver side air bag module.

    5. Position driver side air bag module on steering wheel and secure with two screw and washer assemblies (8 mm). Tighten screw and washer assemblies to 10.2-13.8 N-m (8-10 lb-ft). Install two back cover plugs.

    6. Remove air bag simulator from vehicle harness connector on passenger side. Reconnect and install passenger side air bag module as outlined.

    7. Reconnect battery ground cable.

    8. Prove out system.
    Pin Number Circuit Component/Fault Description
    1   Not Used
    2 614 (GY/O) Driver Air Bag Feed
    3 615 (GY/W) Driver Air Bag Return
    4 616 (PK/BK) Passenger Air Bag Return
    5 607 (LB/O) Passenger Air Bag Feed
    6 298 (P/O) Ignition
    7 630 (W/PK) Airbag Memory
    8   Not Used
    9   Not Used
    10 57 (BK) Ground
    11 608 (BK/Y) Air Bag Indicator Control
    12   Not Used
    13 937 (R/W) Battery
    14 937 (R/W) Battery
    15 619 (PK/W) LH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Feed
    16 617 (PK/O) RH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Feed
    17 631 (T/R) Memory Clear
    18 57 (BK) Ground
    19 640 (R/Y) Lamp Ignition
    20 620 (P/LB) LH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Ground Monitor
    21 618 (P/LG) RH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Ground Monitor
    22   Not Used
    23 625 (Y/LG) LH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Monitor
    24 624 (Y/W) RH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Monitor


    AIR BAG DIAGNOSTIC MONITOR TYPICAL PIN VOLTAGES WITH
    SYSTEM CONNECTED AND ENGINE RUNNING "CHARGING SYSTEM VOLTAGE"

    Pin Number 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5
    1 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC
    2 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2
    3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2
    4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2
    5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2
    6 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5
    7 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC
    8 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC
    9 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC
    10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    11 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5
    12 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC
    13 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5
    14 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5
    15 8.6 9.1 9.6 10.1 10.6 11.1 11.6 12.1
    16 8.6 9.1 9.6 10.1 10.6 11.1 11.6 12.1
    17 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
    18 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    19 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5
    20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    21 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    22 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC
    23 8.6 9.1 9.6 10.1 10.6 11.1 11.6 12.1
    24 8.6 9.1 9.6 10.1 10.6 11.1 11.6 12.1




    Pin Number 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0
    1 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC
    2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9
    3 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9
    4 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9
    5 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9
    6 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0
    7 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC
    8 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC
    9 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC
    10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    11 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0
    12 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC
    13 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0
    14 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0
    15 12.6 13.1 13.6 14.1 14.6 15.1 15.6
    15 12.6 13.1 13.6 14.1 14.6 15.1 15.6
    17 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
    18 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    19 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0
    20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    21 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
    22 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC
    23 12.6 13.1 13.6 14.1 14.6 15.1 15.6
    24 12.6 13.1 13.6 14.1 14.6 15.1 15.6


    Diagnostic Trouble Code Retrieval

    Procedure to Retrieve Stored Diagnostic Trouble Codes from Diagnostic Monitor Non-Volatile Random Access Memory
    Some Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) for intermittent problems (61-85) may not automatically flash on the air bag indicator and may require retrieval. If an air bag DTC has been reported on a vehicle but is not currently flashing, this may be due to two reasons:

    A charging system concern has been identified by the diagnostic monitor and a DTC 12 indicated. DTC 12 will not be stored in the air bag diagnostic monitor's Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM) under these circumstances. Correction of the charging system problem will eliminate the DTC.

    An intermittent fault has occurred and the fault is no longer present. The diagnostic monitor may be programmed to flash "intermittent" DTCs 61-85 that are stored in NVRAM. Use the following procedure to access the stored DTC(s).

    (1) Locate the air bag diagnostic service connector containing Circuit 631 (T/R). This is a grey connector under the glove compartment.

    (2) With the ignition key OFF, short Circuit 631 to the ground contained in the service connector or another good ground.

    (3) Turn the ignition key to RUN and observe the six second air bag indicator prove-out.

    (4) Within two seconds after indicator prove-out, remove the short on Circuit 631.

    (5) Stored DTCs will be displayed. After service, repeat steps 1-4 and clean the DTCs cleared using the «DTC Clearing Procedure» .




    DTC 52: INTERMITTENT OR REPAIRED LOST BATTERY FEED

    Prolog: If you get one of these stupid Code52's "most of the time" this happens when the battery is disconnected. Only mid-90's stangs throw codes when that is done.
    If you got the code after you disconnected the battery, then just go straight to the Diagnostic Code Clearing Section.
    End of Prolog:


    Normal Operation
    Refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code «12» . Return to DTC 52 for Pinpoint Tests.
    Possible Causes
    Refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code «12» . Return to DTC 52 for Pinpoint Tests.

    Electrical Schematic -- Diagnostic Trouble Code 52

    Refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code «12» . Return to DTC 52 for Pinpoint Tests.
    52-1: UNDERSTAND FUNCTION
    52-2: CHECK IF REPAIRED
    52-3: CLEAR AND CHECK FOR OTHER DTCS
    52-4: CHECK CHARGING SYSTEM
    52-5: CHECK BATTERY FEED

    DTC 12: LOST BATTERY FEED
    Normal Operation
    The air bag diagnostic monitor measures the voltage at Pin 14 of the air bag diagnostic monitor connector. Voltage at Pin 14 should be equal to battery voltage. If the voltage at Pin 14 drops to less than 8 volts, the air bag diagnostic monitor will flash out on the air bag indicator a DTC 12. If the voltage at Pin 14 drops to less than 5 volts, the DTC 12 will also be stored in memory. Should the loss of battery voltage at Pin 14 be intermittent or repaired, the air bag diagnostic monitor will flash out a DTC 52 (or higher priority code if one exists) on the next ignition switch cycle.

    Possible Causes
    WARNING: UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SUBSTITUTE ANOTHER FUSE VALUE. ANY FUSE OTHER THAN 10A MAY CAUSE DISARMING FAILURE AND MAY RESULT IN DANGER TO THE OCCUPANTS OF THE VEHICLE. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REPLACE THE 10A FUSE UNLESS THE AIR BAG SYSTEM FIRST HAS BEEN DEACTIVATED (SEE «DEACTIVATION» PROCEDURE FOR DETAILS).

    NOTE: If a short to ground exists on any of the Circuits 607 (LB/O), 614 (GY/O), 615 (GY/W), or 616 (PK/BK) leading to a DTC 13 or 53, or similarly a short to ground exists on any of Circuits 617 (PK/O), 619 (PK/W), 624 (Y/W), 625 (Y/LG) leading to a DTC 14 or 54, the air bag diagnostic monitor will activate a solid state switch at Pin 13 of the air bag diagnostic monitor. This causes the 10 amp battery fuse to blow, thus disarming the air bag system and preventing inadvertent air bag deployment. If the 10 amp fuse junction panel (or power distribution in some vehicles) battery fuse has blown, it must be replaced by a 10A fuse.

    Low voltage at air bag diagnostic monitor Pin 14 can be caused by:
  • An open in the battery circuit that would prevent battery voltage from reaching air bag diagnostic monitor Pin 14.


  • A short to ground on the battery feed circuit between the fuse and Pin 13 or Pin 14 of the air bag diagnostic monitor.


  • A concern in the charging system causing battery voltage to drop below 8 volts.



    • After the air bag diagnostic monitor has disarmed the air bag system, it will not be enabled to disarm again until the appropriate condition (DTC 13, 14, 53, or 54) has been serviced and cleared (refer to «DTC 13» , «14» , «53» , and «54» and «Diagnostic Trouble Code Clearing» descriptions for further details).


    Electrical Schematic -- Diagnostic Trouble Code 12

    12-1: UNDERSTAND FUNCTION
    12-2: CHECK CHARGING SYSTEM
    12-3: CHECK BATTERY FEED
    12-4: CHECK BATTERY FUSE
    12-5: CHECK FOR SHORT IN HARNESS
    12-6: CONFIRM CONDITION

    DTC 52: INTERMITTENT OR REPAIRED LOST BATTERY FEED

    52-1 UNDERSTAND FUNCTION

    o Cycle the ignition switch to OFF and then to RUN and confirm that DTC 52 is flashing on the air bag indicator.

    o Read the normal operation description for DTC 12. Read the pinpoint test for DTC 12 as a reference.

    o Examine the diagnostic trouble code schematic. Look for areas where intermittent faults may occur.

    o Is the diagnostic trouble code operation well understood?

    Yes
    GO to «52-2».
    NOTE: This is an intermittent or repaired fault. The fault condition is no longer present.

    No RE-EXAMINE appropriate descriptions and schematics. Failure to understand air bag system functions will result in needless replacement of system components and repeat service.


    DTC 52: INTERMITTENT OR REPAIRED LOST BATTERY FEED

    52-2 CHECK IF REPAIRED

    o Deactivate system.
    o Has a DTC 12 just been serviced and repaired?
    Yes
    GO to «52-3».

    No
    GO to «52-4».

    DTC 52: INTERMITTENT OR REPAIRED LOST BATTERY FEED
    52-3 CLEAR AND CHECK FOR OTHER DTCS
    o Check battery fuse feeding air bag diagnostic monitor Pins 13 and 14. Fuse should be 10A, NO SUBSTITUTIONS.
    o Clear DTC 52 (refer to «Diagnostic Trouble Code Clearing» procedure).
    o Does another diagnostic trouble code start flashing?
    Yes
    PROCEED to the description, schematic and pinpoint tests of the DTC that is flashing.

    No
    REACTIVATE system.


    DTC 52: INTERMITTENT OR REPAIRED LOST BATTERY FEED

    52-4 CHECK CHARGING SYSTEM

    NOTE: An intermittent charging system or battery concern could lead to a DTC 52.
    o Examine charging system.
    o Has a charging system concern been reported or noticed on the vehicle?
    Yes
    SERVICE charging system concern. GO to «52-3».

    No
    GO to «52-5»


    DTC 52: INTERMITTENT OR REPAIRED LOST BATTERY FEED

    52-5 CHECK BATTERY FEED

    Visually inspect all crimps, terminals, fuses, wires, etc. in the battery circuit feeding Pins 13 and 14 of the air bag diagnostic monitor. Look for poor connections, pinched wires, etc.
    NOTE:
    An intermittent open in the battery circuit could lead to a DTC 52.

    o Are any concerns noticed?
    Yes SERVICE concerns in battery feed. GO to «52-3».

    No RE-EXAMINE diagnostic trouble code description and schematic. LOOK for causes of intermittent low battery voltage at Pin 13. ATTEMPT to recreate hard faults by driving vehicle, flexing wire harnesses, etc., cyclingignition switch frequently. SERVICE any intermittent concerns if found. GO to «52-3». 





    53-1: UNDERSTAND FUNCTION
53-2: CHECK IF REPAIRED
53-3: CLEAR AND CHECK FOR OTHER DTCS
53-4: CHECK FOR INTERMITTENT SHORTS
53-5: CHECK AIR BAG SLIDING CONTACT
53-6: CHECK PRIMARY CRASH SENSORS
    =================================

    DTC 53: INTERMITTENT OR REPAIRED AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND

    53-1 UNDERSTAND FUNCTION

    o Cycle the ignition switch to OFF and then to RUN and confirm that DTC 53 is flashing on the air bag indicator.

    o Read the normal operation description for DTC 13. Read the pinpoint tests for DTC 13 as a reference.

    o Examine the diagnostic trouble code schematic. Look for areas where intermittent faults may occur.

    o Is the diagnostic trouble code operation well understood?

    Yes GO to «53-2».



    NOTE: This is an intermittent or repaired fault. The fault condition is no longer present.



    No RE-EXAMINE appropriate descriptions and schematics. Failure to understand air bag system functions will result in needless replacement of system components and repeat service.



    =================================

    DTC 53: INTERMITTENT OR REPAIRED AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND

    53-2 CHECK IF REPAIRED

    o Deactivate system.

    o Has a DTC 13 just been serviced and repaired?

    Yes GO to «53-3».

    No GO to «53-4».





    =========================

    DTC 53: INTERMITTENT OR REPAIRED AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND

    53-3 CLEAR AND CHECK FOR OTHER DTCS

    o Check battery fuse feeding diagnostic monitor Pins 13 and 14. Fuse should be 10A, NO SUBSTITUTIONS.

    o Clear DTC 53 (refer to «Diagnostic Trouble Code Clearing» procedure).

    o Does another diagnostic trouble code start flashing?

    Yes PROCEED to the description, schematic, and pinpoint tests of the diagnostic trouble code that is flashing.



    No REACTIVATE system.



    ======================





    DTC 53: INTERMITTENT OR REPAIRED AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND

    53-4 CHECK FOR INTERMITTENT SHORTS

    o Visually inspect the wiring in the following circuits:

    614 (GY/O)
    607 (LB/O)
    615 (GY/W)
    616 (PK/BK)
    o Look for pinched or chafed wires.

    NOTE: An intermittent short to ground on the above wires could lead to a DTC 53.

    o Are any concerns noticed?

    Yes SERVICE wiring concern. GO to «53-3».

    No GO to «53-5».



    =====================

    DTC 53: INTERMITTENT OR REPAIRED AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND



    53-5 CHECK AIR BAG SLIDING CONTACT

    o Visually inspect air bag sliding contact wiring at harness connector.

    o Visually inspect wiring in steering wheel hub where air bag sliding contact mates to driver air bag connector.

    o Visually inspect wiring where passenger air bag mates to harness connector.

    NOTE: An intermittent short to ground on the above wires could lead to a DTC 53.

    o Are any concerns noticed?

    Yes SERVICE wiring concern. GO to «53-3».

    No GO to «53-6».



    =============================

    DTC 53: INTERMITTENT OR REPAIRED AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND

    53-6 CHECK PRIMARY CRASH SENSORS

    o Visually inspect primary crash sensors and associated circuits:

    617 (PK/O)
    619 (PK/W)
    624 (Y/W)
    625 (Y/LG)
    Look for signs of corrosion of resistance to ground.

    NOTE: Intermittent resistance to ground in the above wires or corrosion in a primary sensor could lead to a DTC 53.

    o Are any concerns noticed?

    Yes REPLACE respective radiator primary crash sensor if significant corrosion is found. SERVICE wiring concerns. GO to «53-3».

    No RE-EXAMINE diagnostic trouble code description and schematic. LOOK for causes of intermittent shorts or resistance to ground on the appropriate circuits. ATTEMPT to recreate hard faults by driving vehicle, flexing wire harnesses, etc., cycling ignition switch frequently. SERVICE any intermittent concerns, if found. GO to «53-3».





    =================================

    DTC 13: AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND

    Air Bag Schematic for Code 13

    Normal Operation The air bag diagnostic monitor measures the voltage at Pins 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the air bag diagnostic monitor connector. The voltage at these pins is set by the air bag diagnostic monitor and varies with charging system voltage (the expected voltages are shown in the following table). If the air bag diagnostic monitor detects low voltage on any of these pins, the air bag diagnostic monitor will store in memory and flash out on the air bag indicator a DTC 13 to indicate a possible short to ground on these circuits. At the same time the air bag diagnostic monitor begins flashing out DTC 13, it attempts to disarm the air bag system to prevent inadvertent deployment of the air bag(s) by blowing the 10A battery fuse feeding air bag diagnostic monitor Pins 13 and 14. It attempts to blow the fuse by activating a solid state switch which shorts the battery feed at Pin 13 to sheet metal ground at the air bag diagnostic monitor's bracket. The air bag diagnostic monitor will make up to three attempts to blow this fuse, spaced one minute apart.

    o If the air bag diagnostic monitor has blown the fuse and thus removed battery voltage at Pin 14, a DTC 12 will be stored (refer to DTC «12» and «52» for further details).

    o If the air bag diagnostic monitor attempts to blow the 10A battery fuse three times and fails each time, a DTC 24 will be stored (refer to DTC «24» and «64» for further details).

    o After the 10A fuse is blown or three attempts to blow it fail, the air bag diagnostic monitor will not attempt to disarm again until the DTC 13 condition has been serviced and cleared (refer to «Diagnostic Trouble Code Clearing» for further details).

    o Should the short on Pins 2, 3, 4 or 5 be intermittent or repaired, the air bag diagnostic monitor will flash out a DTC 53 (or a higher priority DTC such as DTC 12 if one exists) on the next ignition switch cycle.

    Possible Causes WARNING: SERVICING A DTC 13 WILL USUALLY OCCUR AFTER SERVICING OF A DTC 12 HAS BEEN COMPLETED. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SUBSTITUTE ANOTHER FUSE VALUE FOR THE 10A BATTERY FUSE. ANY FUSE OTHER THAN 10A MAY CAUSE DISARMING FAILURE AND MAY RESULT IN DANGER TO THE OCCUPANTS OF THE VEHICLE. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REPLACE THE 10A BATTERY FUSE UNLESS THE AIR BAG SYSTEM FIRST HAS BEEN DEACTIVATED (SEE «DEACTIVATION» PROCEDURE FOR DETAILS). Low voltage at air bag diagnostic monitor Pins 2, 3, 4, or 5 can be caused by:

    o A short to ground on Circuits 607 (LB/O), 614 (GY/O), 615 (GY/W), or 616 (PK/BK) causing the diagnostic voltage to drop.

    o Resistance to ground on Circuits 617 (PK/O), 619 (PK/W), 624 (Y/W), 625 (Y/LG) or internal resistance to ground in either of the radiator primary crash sensors may activate an air bag diagnostic monitor circuit which may cause the voltage to drop.

    o An internal short to ground within the air bag sliding contact (14A664) causing the driver side air bag circuit(s) to be shorted to ground.

    o An internal short to ground within the driver side air bag module (043B13) or passenger side air bag module (044A74).



    Electrical Schematic -- Diagnostic Trouble Code 13 ===============================

    DTC 13: AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND

    13-1 UNDERSTAND FUNCTION

    Yes GO to «13-2».

    NOTE: This is a hard fault. The fault condition may not be cleared until it is serviced and flashes out as a DTC 53. Under normal circumstances a DTC 12 will have just been serviced.

    No RE-EXAMINE appropriate descriptions and schematics. Failure to understand air bag system functions will result in needless replacement of system components and repeat service.

    ===============================

    DTC 13: AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND

    13-2 CHECK FOR SHORTED AIR BAG(S)

    o Deactivate system. Carefully disconnect air bags during deactivation.

    o Turn ignition switch from OFF to RUN.

    o Is DTC 13 still flashing?

    Yes GO to «13-3».

    No GO to «13-7».



    ===============================

    DTC 13: AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND

    13-3 CHECK DRIVER CIRCUIT FOR SHORTS

    o Disconnect air bag diagnostic monitor.

    o Examine wiring and connector where air bag sliding contact mates to main vehicle harness underneath steering column.

    o Check for pinched and/or chafed wires.

    o Measure resistance between air bag diagnostic monitor harness connector Pin 2 (Circuit 614, GY/O) and Pin 18 (Circuit 57, BK).

    o Is Pin 2 shorted to ground?

    Yes LOCATE and SERVICE short to ground in Circuit 614 (GY/O), Circuit 615 (GY/W), or air bag sliding contact wiring. RECONNECT system. CYCLE ignition switch. PROCEED to the description, schematic, and pinpoint tests of the diagnostic trouble code that is flashing.

    No GO to «13-4».



    ===============================

    DTC 13: AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND

    13-4 CHECK PASSENGER CIRCUIT FOR SHORTS

    o Measure resistance between air bag diagnostic monitor harness connector Pin 5 (Circuit 607, LB/O) and Pin 18 (Circuit 57, BK).

    o Is Pin 5 shorted to ground?

    Yes LOCATE and SERVICE short to ground in Circuit 607 (LB/O) or Circuit 616 (PK/BK). RECONNECT system. CYCLE ignition switch. PROCEED to the description, schematic, and pinpoint tests of the diagnostic trouble code that is flashing.

    No GO to «13-5».



    ===============================

    DTC 13: AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND

    13-5 CHECK PRIMARY SENSORS

    o Measure resistance between air bag diagnostic monitor harness connector Pin 15 (Circuit 619, PK/W) and Pin 18 (Circuit 57, BK).

    o Measure resistance between air bag diagnostic monitor harness connector Pin 16 (Circuit 617, PK/O) and Pin 18 (Circuit 57, BK).

    o Are resistance readings infinite (open)?

    Yes REPLACE air bag diagnostic monitor and bracket. RECONNECT system. VERIFY system. REACTIVATE system.

    No GO to «13-6».



    ===============================

    DTC 13: AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND

    13-6 DETERMINE IF SENSOR OR WIRE IS SHORTED

    o Disconnect radiator primary crash sensor corresponding to the circuit with resistance to ground found in Step 13-5.

    o Measure resistance across normally open contacts of radiator primary crash sensor at the sensor connector.

    o Is resistance reading infinite (open)?

    Yes LOCATE and SERVICE resistance to ground in wiring harness on affected circuits. RECONNECT system. CYCLE ignition switch. PROCEED to the description, schematic, and pinpoint tests of the diagnostic trouble code that is flashing.

    No REPLACE respective radiator primary crash sensor. RECONNECT system. CYCLE ignition switch. PROCEED to the description, schematic, and pinpoint tests of the diagnostic trouble code that is flashing.

    ===============================

    DO NOT ATTEMPT THE FOLLOWING UNLESS YOU KNOW EXACTLY WHAT YOU ARE DOING AND EXACTLY WHAT TYPE OF DVM YOU HAVE.



    DTC 13: AIR BAG CIRCUIT SHORTED TO GROUND



    13-7 DETERMINE WHICH AIR BAG MODULE IS SHORTED

    o Make sure that shorting bar is properly installed in passenger side air bag connector.

    WARNING: USE A HAND-HELD DIGITAL OHMMETER WITH LESS THAN 10MA SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT ON THE LOWEST RESISTANCE SCALE POSSIBLE (TYPICALLY 200 OHMS SETTING). FAILURE TO USE A METER OF THIS TYPE MAY CAUSE PERSONAL INJURY DUE TO AIR BAG DEPLOYMENT.

    o Measure resistance between either of the terminals in the passenger side air bag connector and the metal case of the passenger side air bag module.

    o Is resistance reading infinite (open)?

    Yes REPLACE driver side air bag module. RECONNECT system. CYCLE ignition switch. PROCEED to the description, schematic, and pinpoint tests of the diagnostic trouble code that is flashing.

    No REPLACE passenger side air bag module. RECONNECT system. CYCLE ignition switch. PROCEED to the description, schematic, and pinpoint tests of the diagnostic trouble code that is flashing.



    =================================



    DTC 61: INTERMITTENT OR REPAIRED DIAGNOSTIC MONITOR NOT MOUNTED TO VEHICLE PROPERLY


    Normal Operation
    Refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code «21» . Return to DTC 61 for Pinpoint Tests.

    Possible Causes
    Refer to Diagnostic Trouble Code «21» . Return to DTC 61 for Pinpoint Tests.

    ==============
    DTC 21: DIAGNOSTIC MONITOR NOT MOUNTED TO VEHICLE PROPERLY

    Normal Operation
    The air bag diagnostic monitor measures the resistance between the ground connection at its bracket and the reference ground at Pin 18. If the air bag diagnostic monitor measures a difference of more than 3.0 ohms between the ground at Pin 18 and the ground at its bracket, the air bag diagnostic monitor will store in memory and flash out a DTC 21 on the air bag indicator. Should the difference in resistance between Pins 18 and air bag diagnostic monitor bracket ground be serviced or otherwise reduced to less than 3.0 ohms, the air bag diagnostic monitor will flash out a DTC 61 (or a higher priority DTC if one exists) on the next ignition switch cycle.

    Possible Causes
    A high resistance reading at the air bag diagnostic monitor bracket ground can be caused by:


    Electrical Schematic -- Diagnostic Trouble Code 21 (opens up in a new window)



    =================================


    Diagnostic Trouble Code Clearing

    Prolog: For the location and shape of the Air Bag Code Clear Connector, see:
    Connector to Clear the Air Bag Codes
    Location of the Air Bag Connector Close View

    Thanks to "NASCAR Mike", and others, for the following additional information:
    The 1994 stang is the same as the 1995 stang.
    It is right under the glove box. You don't have to remove the glovebox, it can be seen right under the glovebox. It's a small grey connector, but with two pins inside.
    End of Prolog.

    Procedure to Clear Diagnostic Trouble Codes from Diagnostic Monitor Non-Volatile Random Access Memory
    Refer to «Deactivation» Procedure.
    The air bag diagnostic monitor (14B056) continually checks the air bag system for readiness. When a fault condition is detected, the DTC associated with that fault is stored in the air bag diagnostic monitor's Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM). After writing the DTC to NVRAM, the air bag diagnostic monitor signals the fault by flashing the appropriate diagnostic trouble code on the air bag indicator.
    The diagnostic trouble code written to NVRAM is permanently stored in the air bag diagnostic monitor until cleared by the diagnostic trouble code clearing procedure.

    Upon each cycle of the ignition switch (11572), the air bag diagnostic monitor checks for diagnostic trouble codes written in NVRAM. If any diagnostic trouble codes exist in NVRAM, the air bag diagnostic monitor will then check to see if these fault conditions are still present.

    l If the conditions of the diagnostic trouble code in NVRAM are still present, then the air bag diagnostic monitor will use the air bag indicator to flash out the diagnostic trouble code number that was written in memory.

    l If the conditions of the diagnostic trouble code are not still present (indicating an intermittent or serviced fault), the air bag diagnostic monitor will use the air bag indicator to flash out a DTC which is the sum of the diagnostic trouble code in NVRAM plus 40.

    Example: Due to corrosion, high resistance develops on the driver side air bag circuit. The air bag diagnostic monitor stores a diagnostic trouble code 32 in NVRAM. Upon each cycle of the ignition switch, the air bag diagnostic monitor checks the resistance of the driver air bag circuit.

    l If the resistance is still high, the air bag diagnostic monitor causes the air bag indicator to flash out a DTC 32.

    l If the resistance falls within the normal range due to service or an intermittent condition, the air bag diagnostic monitor causes DTC 72 to be flashed on the air bag indicator.

    Once a fault has been serviced, the associated diagnostic trouble code may be cleared from NVRAM. Only diagnostic trouble codes that the air bag diagnostic monitor sees as repaired or intermittent may be cleared (diagnostic trouble codes 52 and above). In no circumstances can hard fault conditions (diagnostic trouble codes 45 and below) be cleared.

    1. Follow the diagnostic procedures as outlined to service the fault condition flashing on the air bag indicator.


    2. Cycle the ignition switch to OFF and then to RUN.


    3. Observe air bag indicator prove-out (six ± two seconds) followed by diagnostic trouble code (52-85) flashing completely one time.


    4. Locate the Diagnostic "Trouble Code Clear" Connector located underneath the glove compartment (06010) containing Circuits 631 (T/R) and 57 (BK).


    5. Use a jumper wire to short Circuit 631 (T/R) to Circuit 57 (BK) or to another good ground. This short must be made after the diagnostic trouble code flashes completely one time, but before the warning light stays on continuously.


    6. Hold short until air bag diagnostic monitor tone sounds (approximately five seconds).


    7. Release short on Circuit 631 (T/R) to Circuit 57 (BK). This short must be released within 25 seconds after the diagnostic monitor tone sounds.

    Diagnostic trouble code is now cleared from NVRAM. Next highest priority diagnostic trouble code stored in NVRAM (if one exists) will begin flashing.

    Diagnostic Trouble Code Retrieval


    Procedure to Retrieve Stored Diagnostic Trouble Codes from Diagnostic Monitor Non-Volatile Random Access Memory

    Some Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) for intermittent problems (61-85) may not automatically flash on the air bag indicator and may require retrieval. If an air bag DTC has been reported on a vehicle but is not currently flashing, this may be due to two reasons:
    l A charging system concern has been identified by the diagnostic monitor and a DTC 12 indicated. DTC 12 will not be stored in the air bag diagnostic monitor's Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM) under these circumstances. Correction of the charging system problem will eliminate the DTC.

    l An intermittent fault has occurred and the fault is no longer present. The diagnostic monitor may be programmed to flash "intermittent" DTCs 61-85 that are stored in NVRAM. Use the following procedure to access the stored DTC(s).

    (1) Locate the air bag diagnostic service connector containing Circuit 631 (T/R). This is a grey connector under the glove compartment.

    (2) With the ignition key OFF, short Circuit 631 to the ground contained in the service connector or another good ground.

    (3) Turn the ignition key to RUN and observe the six second air bag indicator prove-out.

    (4) Within two seconds after indicator prove-out, remove the short on Circuit 631.

    (5) Stored DTCs will be displayed. After service, repeat steps 1-4 and clean the DTCs cleared using the «DTC Clearing Procedure» .


    DTC 32: DRIVER SIDE AIR BAG CIRCUIT HIGH RESISTANCE OR OPEN
    Normal Operation
    While the ignition switch is in the RUN position, the air bag diagnostic monitor runs periodic checks on the resistance of the driver and passenger air bag circuits.

    o Normal resistance from Pin 2 (Driver Air Bag Feed) to Pin 3 (Driver Air Bag Return) is between 1.4 ohms and 2.0 ohms. This resistance total results from the sum of the components in the circuit: the air bag module (approximately 1 ohm) and the air bag sliding contact (0.20 ohm to 0.35 ohm per winding, 2 windings total) plus a small amount of resistance due to the wire itself, crimps, etc.

    o If the resistance across these two pins exceeds 3.5 ohms, the air bag diagnostic monitor will interpret this as high resistance and the air bag diagnostic monitor will store in memory and flash out on the air bag indicator a DTC 32.

    o If the high resistance is later serviced or otherwise falls into the normal range, the next ignition switch cycle will produce a DTC 72 (or a higher priority DTC if one exists).

    NOTE: The air bag connector, air bag diagnostic monitor harness connector, and the air bag sliding contact connector have metal spring clips that act as shorting bars. These shorting bars are built into the plastic hardshell connectors. The shorting bars are designed to short Circuits 614 (GY/O) and 615 (GY/W) together when the connectors are not mated. DO NOT attempt to remove the air bag shorting bar and measure the resistance of the air bag.
    The air bag sliding contact shorting bar may be removed to measure the air bag sliding contact resistance. Likewise, the shorting bar(s) in the air bag diagnostic monitor harness connector may be removed by removing the black spacer (locking wedge) from the connector. Use extreme caution when reinstalling the shorting bars to ensure they are installed correctly.


    Possible Causes
    Excessive resistance across Pins 2 and 3 can be caused by:
    o A poor connection or corrosion where the air bag sliding contact connects into the main wiring harness. The air bag sliding contact connector at the base of the steering column may have excessive resistance between the male and female terminals in the connector. Also, corrosion may occur on the terminal crimps on both the air bag sliding contact terminals and the main wiring harness terminals.

    o An open circuit or high resistance in the air bag sliding contact windings inside the air bag sliding contact.

    o An open circuit or high resistance in the wiring harness in either Circuit 614 (GY/O) or Circuit 615 (GY/W).

    o An open circuit or high resistance in the driver side air bag module. DO NOT attempt a direct resistance measurement of the air bag. Follow the diagnostic procedure to determine if the air bag module resistance is higher than normal.




    Electrical Schematic -- Diagnostic Trouble Code 32



    ==============

    Drivers Side Air Bag Removal and Replace
    Diagram: Drivers Side Air Bag Mounting (opens up in a new window)

    Module, Driver Side Air Bag
    NOTE: If the air bag did not deploy in a collision, it may not have been needed. Complete all diagnosis before replacing the driver side air bag module (043B13).



    Removal

    WARNING: THE ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT NECESSARY FOR SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT IS POWERED DIRECTLY FROM THE BATTERY (10653). TO AVOID ACCIDENTAL DEPLOYMENT AND POSSIBLE PERSONAL INJURY, THE NEGATIVE BATTERY CABLE MUST BE DISCONNECTED PRIOR TO SERVICING OR REPLACING ANY SYSTEM COMPONENTS.
    1. Disconnect battery ground cable (14301) and wait one minute for back-up power supply energy to be depleted.
    2. Remove two back cover plugs. Remove two screw and washer assemblies retaining driver side air bag module to steering wheel (3600).
    3. WARNING: PLACE DRIVER SIDE AIR BAG MODULE ON BENCH WITH TRIM COVER FACING UP TO AVOID POSSIBLE PERSONAL INJURY.
      Disconnect the air bag sliding contact connector from driver air bag wiring. Remove driver side air bag module.

      Installation

    1. Connect driver air bag wiring to air bag sliding contact connector.
    2. Position driver side air bag module to steering wheel and secure with two screw and washer assemblies. Tighten to 10.2-13.8 N-m (8-10 lb-ft).
    3. Reconnect battery ground cable.
    4. Prove-out air bag system.
    ===============

    Passenger Side Air Bag Removal and Replace
    Diagram: Passenger Side Air Bag Mounting (opens up in a new window)

    Air Bag Module, Passenger Side
    NOTE: The passenger side air bag module (044A74) is serviced as a complete assembly. Perform proper disposal procedure as outlined.
    The passenger side air bag module is mounted in the RH position of the instrument panel (04320) above the glove compartment (06010). The passenger side air bag module consists of the following components:

    o Inflator.
    o Air bag.
    o Reaction housing with mounting hardware.
    o Trim cover.

    Inflator
    The passenger air bag inflator operates as follows:
    o An igniter inside the inflator converts electrical energy to thermal energy (heat), causing ignition of the gas generant.
    o The ignition reaction causes combustion of the sodium azide/iron oxide gas generant producing nitrogen to fill the bag.
    o Since the passenger side air bag module is much larger than the driver side air bag module (043B13), it contains more gas generant in a different inflator configuration to produce more nitrogen gas.
    o It is a component of the passenger side air bag module and is not serviceable.


    Air Bag
    The passenger air bag:

    o Is constructed of ripstop nylon.
    o Fills to a volume of approximately 0.227 cubic meters (8 cubic feet).
    o Is not a serviceable item.

    Reaction Housing

    The steel reaction housing:

    o Supplies support for the inflator.
    o Provides a reaction surface for the passenger side air bag module.
    o Is used to attach the trim cover.
    o Contains mounting brackets that attach the passenger side air bag module to the instrument panel.
    o Is not a serviceable item.

    Trim Cover

    The thermo-plastic trim cover:

    o Is textured and painted to match the surface of the instrument panel.
    o Is constructed with a moulded-in tear seam that separates when the air bag inflates, and hinges out of the way during deployment.
    o Its main function is to retain the air bag in the reaction housing during vehicle operation.
    o Is not a serviceable or repaintable item. ===============================

    Module, Passenger Side Air Bag Removal
    1. Disconnect battery ground cable (14301).
    2. Wait one minute for back-up power supply energy to be depleted.
    3. Open glove compartment (06010). Drop glove compartment to the floor by pushing sides of glove compartment towards each other.
    4. Remove two screws that attach RH A/C duct and remove duct.
    5. Remove two fore-aft air bag retaining bolts that attach passenger side air bag module (044A74) to instrument panel steel reinforcement.
    6. Disconnect air bag electrical connector on LH lower rear corner of passenger side air bag module.
    7. Remove air bag connector from steel reinforcement by prying "X-mas" tree out of hole in steel reinforcement.
    8. Pull each corner of air bag cover to disengage cover-to-instrument panel attachments.
      WARNING: PLACE AIR BAG MODULE ON BENCH WITH TRIM COVER FACING UP TO AVOID PERSONAL INJURY.
    9. Gently push passenger side air bag module from behind, out of the instrument panel opening in order to pull passenger side air bag module out completely with both hands.


    Installation
    1. Position passenger side air bag module in instrument panel opening and slide into position.
    2. Push "X-mas" tree into its hole in the instrument panel (04320) steel reinforcement.
    3. Connect the air bag connector.
    4. Attach two fore-aft air bag retaining bolts to the instrument panel steel reinforcement. Tighten to 7-11 N-m (62-97 lb-in).
    5. Push each air bag cover corner to engage cover-to-instrument panel attachment.
    6. Install RH A/C duct.
    7. Push sides of glove compartment toward each other to put glove compartment back into position.
    8. Close glove compartment.
    9. Reconnect battery ground cable.
    10. Prove-out air bag system.




    ==============




    SPECIFICATIONS COMPONENT PART NUMBERS
    Part Number Component
    043B13-A Driver Side Air Bag Module
    044A74 Passenger Side Air Bag Module Bracket
    14B004 RH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor and Bracket
    14B005 LH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor and Bracket
    14B056 Air Bag Diagnostic Monitor
    14A664 Air Bag Sliding Contact





    TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
    Description N-m Lb-Ft
    Driver Side Air Bag Module-to-Steering Wheel Screw 10.2-13.8 8-10
    RH and LH Radiator Primary Crash Sensor Retaining Screws 10.2-13.8 8-10
    Air Bag Sensor Mounting BracketRetaining Screws 3.4-4.6 30-41 (Lb-In)
    Air Bag Diagnostic Monitor Bracket Retaining Screws 10.2-13.8 8-10
    Passenger Side Air Bag Module Retaining Bolts 7-11 62-97 (Lb-In)


    Diagnostic Trouble Code Retrieval
    Procedure to Retrieve Stored Diagnostic Trouble Codes from Diagnostic Monitor Non-Volatile Random Access Memory
    Some Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) for intermittent problems (61-85) may not automatically flash on the air bag indicator and may require retrieval. If an air bag DTC has been reported on a vehicle but is not currently flashing, this may be due to two reasons:
    l A charging system concern has been identified by the diagnostic monitor and a DTC 12 indicated. DTC 12 will not be stored in the air bag diagnostic monitor's Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM) under these circumstances. Correction of the charging system problem will eliminate the DTC.

    l An intermittent fault has occurred and the fault is no longer present. The diagnostic monitor may be programmed to flash "intermittent" DTCs 61-85 that are stored in NVRAM. Use the following procedure to access the stored DTC(s).

    (1) Locate the air bag diagnostic service connector containing Circuit 631 (T/R). This is a grey connector under the glove compartment.

    (2) With the ignition key OFF, short Circuit 631 to the ground contained in the service connector or another good ground.

    (3) Turn the ignition key to RUN and observe the six second air bag indicator prove-out.

    (4) Within two seconds after indicator prove-out, remove the short on Circuit 631.
    v (5) Stored DTCs will be displayed. After service, repeat steps 1-4 and clean the DTCs cleared using the «DTC Clearing Procedure» .



    Mustang Air Bag Codes Home Page: http://www.veryuseful.com/mustang/tech/airBag/